首页 > Python资料 博客日记
Python pymodbus类库使用学习总结
2024-08-04 21:00:03Python资料围观78次
实践环境
Python 3.9.13
https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.13/python-3.9.13-amd64.exe
pymodbus-3.6.8-py3-none-any.whl
pyserial-3.5
备注:如果不安装该模块,采用串口通信时(下述代码中 comm = 'serial'
时的通信),会报错NameError: name 'serial' is not defined
pip install pyserial
Virtual Serial Port Driver 6.9
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/15pCeYyOZWSsbEr_rU1e5hg?pwd=vspd
提取码:vspd
代码实践
修改pymodbus\logging.py
路径: PYTHON_HOME\Lib\site-packages\pymodbus\logging.py
修改源码是为了更方便使用类库自带日志打印器
# ...略
class Log:
"""Class to hide logging complexity.
:meta private:
"""
# _logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) # commented by shouke
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger') # added by shouke # 方便在不同模块获取日志打印器
@classmethod
def apply_logging_config(cls, level, log_file_name):
"""Apply basic logging configuration."""
if level == logging.NOTSET:
level = cls._logger.getEffectiveLevel()
if isinstance(level, str):
level = level.upper()
log_stream_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
log_formatter = logging.Formatter(
"%(asctime)s %(levelname)-5s %(module)s:%(lineno)s %(message)s"
)
log_stream_handler.setFormatter(log_formatter)
##################### commented by shouke #################
# cls._logger.addHandler(log_stream_handler)
# if log_file_name:
# log_file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file_name)
# log_file_handler.setFormatter(log_formatter)
# cls._logger.addHandler(log_file_handler)
##########################################################
##################### added by shouke #################
if not cls._logger.handlers: # 如果不加这个判断,在不同模块都执行pymodbus_apply_logging_config函数时,会导致同一条日志被重复打印
cls._logger.addHandler(log_stream_handler)
if log_file_name:
log_file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file_name)
log_file_handler.setFormatter(log_formatter)
cls._logger.addHandler(log_file_handler)
##########################################################
cls.setLevel(level)
# ...略
pymodbus_apply_logging_config(level=logging.INFO) # 统一日志打印器配置
异步服务器和异步客户端实现
异步服务器代码实现
server_async.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''Pymodbus 异步服务器示例
多线程异步服务器的一个示例。
'''
import asyncio
import logging
### 不修改 PYTHON_HOME\Lib\site-packages\pymodbus\logging.py源码的基础上,获取日志打印器相关方法及说明:
# 方法1
# _logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) # 采用该_logger打印的日志看不到
# logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG) # 不注释上行代码的基础上添加这行代码,日志能打印出来,但是日志所在模块不为当前模块
# 方法2
# _logger = logging.getLogger(__file__)
# logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO) # 添加这行代码,确保日志能打印出来,但是打印出来的日志所在模块不为当前模块
# 方法3:
# from pymodbus.logging import Log,pymodbus_apply_logging_config
# pymodbus_apply_logging_config(level=logging.INFO) # 如果缺少这行代码,下面async_helper中的日志打印将无法在控制台输出
# _logger = Log._logger
# 修改 PYTHON_HOME\Lib\site-packages\pymodbus\logging.py源码的基础上,获取日志打印器相关方法:
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger')
# _logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
from pymodbus import __version__ as pymodbus_version
from pymodbus.datastore import (
ModbusSequentialDataBlock,
ModbusServerContext,
ModbusSlaveContext,
ModbusSparseDataBlock,
)
from pymodbus.device import ModbusDeviceIdentification
from pymodbus.server import (
StartAsyncSerialServer,
StartAsyncTcpServer,
StartAsyncTlsServer,
StartAsyncUdpServer,
)
# hook函数
def server_request_tracer(request, *_addr):
"""跟踪请求
所有服务器请求在被处理之前都经过此过滤器
"""
_logger.info(f'---> REQUEST: {request}') # 输出,类似这样: ---> REQUEST: ReadBitRequest(0,1)
def server_response_manipulator( response):
"""操纵响应
所有服务器响应在发送之前都通过此过滤器
过滤器返回:
- 响应,原始或修改后的
- 跳过编码,发出是否对响应进行编码的信号
"""
_logger.info(f'---> RESPONSE: {response}') # 输出,类似这样:---> RESPONSE: ReadCoilsResponse(1)
# response.should_respond = False # 如果让该行代码生效,则客户端收不到服务器响应
return response, False
class Args:
comm = 'tcp' # 通讯模式,可选值 tcp、udp serial、tls
comm_defaults = {
'tcp': ['socket', 5020],
# 'tcp': ['rtu', 5020], # 如果采用ModbusRTU协议 则使用这个
'udp': ['socket', 5020],
# 'serial': ['rtu', '/dev/ptyp0'], # Linux
'serial': ['rtu', 'COM1'] # Windows(本例中COM1和COM2是成对的)
'tls': ['tls', 5020]
}
framer = comm_defaults[comm][0] # 帧类型
port = comm_defaults[comm][1] # 站点端口
host = ''
baudrate = 9600 # 串行设备波特率 即每秒传输的位数
# 连续的、无间隙顺序存储数据块(寄存器块)
datablock = lambda : ModbusSequentialDataBlock(0x01, [17] * 100) # pylint: disable=unnecessary-lambda-assignment
# 连续的,或者可能有间隙的稀疏、不规则存储数据块
# datablock = lambda : ModbusSparseDataBlock({0x00: 0, 0x05: 1}) # pylint: disable=unnecessary-lambda-assignment
# 工厂模式
# datablock = lambda : ModbusSequentialDataBlock.create() # pylint: disable=unnecessary-lambda-assignment,unnecessary-lambda
# 如果从节点数量不为0
#服务器使用服务器上下文,该上下文允许服务器,以针对不同的从设备ID使用不同的从站上下文(slave context)进行响应。
# 默认情况下,它将为提供的每个slave ID返回相同的上下文(广播模式)。
# 但是,可以通过将single标识设置为False并且提供slave ID到上下文映射的字典来覆盖这种行为:
# 从机上下文也可以按zero_mode初始化,这意味着到地址(0-7)的请求将映射到地址(0-7)。
# 默认值为False,因此地址(0-7)将映射到(1-8):
# context = {
# 0x01: ModbusSlaveContext( # 0x01为从设备、从机地址
# di=datablock(), # 输入离散量
# co=datablock(), # 输出线圈
# hr=datablock(), # 保持寄存器
# ir=datablock(), # 输入寄存器
# ),
# 0x02: ModbusSlaveContext(
# di=datablock(),
# co=datablock(),
# hr=datablock(),
# ir=datablock(),
# ),
# 0x03: ModbusSlaveContext(
# di=datablock(),
# co=datablock(),
# hr=datablock(),
# ir=datablock(),
# zero_mode=True,
# ),
# }
# single = False
#如果从节点数量为0
context = ModbusSlaveContext(
di=datablock(), co=datablock(), hr=datablock(), ir=datablock()
)
single = True
# 构建数据存储
context = ModbusServerContext(slaves=context,
single=single
)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# 初始化服务器信息
# 不对属性字段做任何设置,则字段值默认为空字符串
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
identity = ModbusDeviceIdentification(
info_name={
"VendorName": "Pymodbus",
"ProductCode": "PM",
"VendorUrl": "https://github.com/pymodbus-dev/pymodbus/",
"ProductName": "Pymodbus Server",
"ModelName": "Pymodbus Server",
"MajorMinorRevision": pymodbus_version,
}
)
# sslctx=sslctx, # 用于TLS的SSLContext (默认为None, 自动创建)
cert_file_path = './certificates/pymodbus.crt' # 用于TLS 证书文件路径 (如果sslctx为None时使用该文件)
key_file_path = './certificates/pymodbus.key' # 用于TLS 私钥文件路径 (如果sslctx为None时使用该文件)
async def run_async_server():
"""Run server."""
txt = f'### start ASYNC server, listening on {Args.port} - {Args.comm}'
_logger.info(txt)
if Args.comm == 'tcp':
address = (Args.host if Args.host else '', Args.port if Args.port else None)
server = await StartAsyncTcpServer(
context=Args.context, # 数据存储
identity=Args.identity, # 服务器标识
# TBD host=
# TBD port=
address=address, # 监听地址
# custom_functions=[], # 允许自定义处理函数
framer=Args.framer, # 使用的帧策略
# ignore_missing_slaves=True, # 忽略对缺失的slave的请求
# broadcast_enable=False, # 是否允许广播 将 slave id 0视为广播地址
# timeout=1 # 等待请求完成的时间 # waiting time for request to complete
# 可选参数,实现hook功能
request_tracer=server_request_tracer,
response_manipulator=server_response_manipulator
)
elif Args.comm == 'udp':
address = (
Args.host if Args.host else "127.0.0.1",
Args.port if Args.port else None,
)
server = await StartAsyncUdpServer(
context=Args.context,
identity=Args.identity,
address=address,
# custom_functions=[],
framer=Args.framer,
# ignore_missing_slaves=True,
# broadcast_enable=False,
# timeout=1
)
elif Args.comm == 'serial':
# socat -d -d PTY,link=/tmp/ptyp0,raw,echo=0,ispeed=9600
# PTY,link=/tmp/ttyp0,raw,echo=0,ospeed=9600
server = await StartAsyncSerialServer(
context=Args.context,
identity=Args.identity,
# timeout=1, # waiting time for request to complete
port=Args.port, # 串口
# custom_functions=[],
framer=Args.framer,
# stopbits=1, # 要使用的停止位数(The number of stop bits to use)
# bytesize=8, # 序列化消息字节大小(The bytesize of the serial messages)
# parity="N", # 使用哪种奇偶校验
baudrate=Args.baudrate, # 用于串行设备的波特率
# handle_local_echo=False, # 处理USB-to-RS485适配器的本地echo(Handle local echo of the USB-to-RS485 adaptor)
# ignore_missing_slaves=True, # ignore request to a missing slave
# broadcast_enable=False, #
# strict=True, # 使用严格的计时,针对Modbus RTU 为t1.5(use strict timing, t1.5 for Modbus RTU)
)
elif Args.comm == 'tls':
address = (Args.host if Args.host else '', Args.port if Args.port else None)
server = await StartAsyncTlsServer(
context=Args.context, # Data storage
host='localhost', # 定义用于连接的tcp地址
# port=port, # tcp监听端口
identity=Args.identity, # server identify
# custom_functions=[], # allow custom handling
address=address,
framer=Args.framer,
certfile=Args.cert_file_path, # The cert file path for TLS (used if sslctx is None)
# sslctx=sslctx, # The SSLContext to use for TLS (default None and auto create)
keyfile=Args.key_file_path, # The key file path for TLS (used if sslctx is None)
# password="none", # 用于解密私钥文件的密码
# ignore_missing_slaves=True,
# broadcast_enable=False,
# timeout=1
)
return server
async def async_helper():
_logger.info("Starting server...")
await run_async_server()
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(async_helper(), debug=True)
异步客户端代码实现
client_async.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''Pymodbus异步客户端示例
'''
import asyncio
import logging
import pymodbus.client as modbusClient
from pymodbus import ModbusException
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger')
class Args:
comm = 'tcp' # 通讯模式,可选值 tcp、udp serial、tls
comm_defaults = {
'tcp': ['socket', 5020],
# 'tcp': ['rtu', 5020], # 如果采用ModbusRTU协议 则使用这个
'udp': ['socket', 5020],
# 'serial': ['rtu', '/dev/ptyp0'], # Linux
'serial': ['rtu', 'COM2'] # Windows(本例中COM1和COM2是用Virtual Serial Port Driver 6.9软件成对添加的虚拟端口)
'tls': ['tls', 5020]
}
framer = comm_defaults[comm][0] # 帧类型
port = comm_defaults[comm][1] # 站点端口
host = '127.0.0.1' # 服务端地址
baudrate = 9600 # 串行设备波特率
timeout = 10 # 客户端访问服务器超时时间(该参数仅用于客户端(slave节点)),float型
# sslctx=sslctx, # 用于TLS的SSLContext (默认为None, 自动创建)
cert_file_path = './certificates/pymodbus.crt' # 用于TLS 证书文件路径 (如果sslctx为None时使用该文件)
key_file_path = './certificates/pymodbus.key' # 用于TLS 私钥文件路径 (如果sslctx为None时使用该文件)
async def run_async_client(modbus_calls=None):
"""Run sync client."""
_logger.info("### Create client object")
if Args.comm == "tcp":
client = modbusClient.AsyncModbusTcpClient(
Args.host,
port=Args.port, # on which port
# Common optional parameters:
framer=Args.framer,
timeout=Args.timeout,
retries=3,
reconnect_delay=1,
reconnect_delay_max=10,
# retry_on_empty=False,
# TCP setup parameters
# source_address=("localhost", 0),
)
elif Args.comm == "udp":
client = modbusClient.AsyncModbusUdpClient(
Args.host,
port=Args.port,
# Common optional parameters:
framer=Args.framer,
timeout=Args.timeout,
# retries=3,
# retry_on_empty=False,
# UDP setup parameters
# source_address=None,
)
elif Args.comm == "serial":
client = modbusClient.AsyncModbusSerialClient(
Args.port,
# Common optional parameters:
# framer=ModbusRtuFramer,
timeout=Args.timeout,
# retries=3,
# retry_on_empty=False,
# Serial setup parameters
baudrate=Args.baudrate,
# bytesize=8,
# parity="N",
# stopbits=1,
# handle_local_echo=False,
# strict=True,
)
elif Args.comm == "tls":
client = modbusClient.AsyncModbusTlsClient(
Args.host,
port=Args.port,
# Common optional parameters:
framer=Args.framer,
timeout=Args.timeout,
# retries=3,
# retry_on_empty=False,
# TLS setup parameters
sslctx=modbusClient.AsyncModbusTlsClient.generate_ssl(
certfile=Args.cert_file_path,
keyfile=Args.key_file_path,
# password="none",
),
server_hostname="localhost",
)
_logger.info("### Client starting")
await client.connect()
assert client.connected
if modbus_calls:
await modbus_calls(client)
client.close()
_logger.info("### End of Program")
async def run_a_few_calls(client):
try:
# 读取线圈状态
rr = await client.read_coils(0, 1, slave=0) # 从 0x00 地址开始读取1个线圈
print(rr.bits) # 输出:[True, False, False, False, False, False, False, False]
# assert len(rr.bits) == 8
print(rr) # 输出:ReadCoilsResponse(8)
# 读输入离散量
rr = await client.read_holding_registers(0, 1, slave=0) # 从 0x00 地址开始读取1个线圈
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[17]
rr = await client.read_holding_registers(4, 2, slave=0) # 从0x04 地址开始读取2个线圈
# assert rr.registers[0] == 17
# assert rr.registers[1] == 17
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[17, 17]
# 读保持寄存器
rr = await client.read_holding_registers(5, 4) # 从 0x05 地址开始读取4个线圈
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[17, 17, 17, 17]
# 读输入寄存器
rr = await client.read_input_registers(0x0F, 3, slave=0) # 从 0x0F 地址开始读取4个线圈
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[17, 17, 17]
rr = await client.read_input_registers(15, 3, slave=0) # 从 0x0F 地址开始读取4个线圈
print(rr) # 输出:ReadInputRegistersResponse (3)
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[17, 17, 17]
# 写单个线圈
rr = await client.write_coil(9, False, slave=0) # 将布尔值False写入 0x09 地址
print(rr) # 输出:WriteCoilResponse(9) => False
rr = await client.read_coils(9, 1, slave=0)
print(rr.bits) # 输出:[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False]
# 写多个线圈
await client.write_coils(10, False, slave=0) # 将布尔值False写入 0x0A 地址
rr = await client.read_coils(10, 1, slave=0)
print(rr.bits) # 输出:[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False]
rr = await client.read_coils(11, 1, slave=0)
print(rr.bits) # 输出:[True, False, False, False, False, False, False, False]
await client.write_coils(10, [False, False], slave=0) # 将布尔值False写入 0x0A 0x0B 地址
rr = await client.read_coils(11, 1, slave=0)
print(rr.bits) # 输出:[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False]
# 写单个保持寄存器
await client.write_register(12, 0x0F, slave=0) # 将0x0F写入 0x0C 地址
rr = await client.read_input_registers(12, 3, slave=0)
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[17, 17, 17]
rr = await client.read_holding_registers(12, 4)
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[15, 17, 17, 17]
# 写多个保持寄存器
await client.write_registers(13, 0x0F, slave=0) # 将0x0F写入 0x0D 地址
rr = await client.read_holding_registers(13, 2)
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[15, 17]
await client.write_registers(13, [0x0F, 0x0E], slave=0) # 将0x0F写入 0x0D,0x0E 地址
rr = await client.read_holding_registers(13, 2)
print(rr.registers) # 输出:[15, 14]
except ModbusException:
pass
async def main():
await run_async_client(modbus_calls=run_a_few_calls)
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main(), debug=True)
相关说明
-
pymodbus.datastore.ModbusSequentialDataBlock
在 Modbus 协议中,数据通常被组织成多个数据块,而每个数据块包含一定数量的数据寄存器、者线圈或者离散量。该类是一个用于创建顺序排列的Modbus顺序数据存储数据块的类。
例如:
ModbusSequentialDataBlock(0x00, [17] * 100) # 创建了一个从地址 0x00 开始,包含 100(即包含100个地址) 个初始值为 17 的数据块
实践时发现,此时通过
read_coils
读取线圈,读取线圈起始地址不能超过99,否则服务端会报错Exception Response(129, 1, IllegalAddress)
,client.read_coils(98, 1, slave=0) # 可正常读取 client.read_coils(99, 1, slave=0) # 报错
修改下服务端数据块起始地址
ModbusSequentialDataBlock(0x01, [17] * 100) # 创建了一个从地址 0x01 开始
实践时发现,此时通过
read_coils
读取线圈,读取线圈起始地址不能超过100,否则服务端会报错Exception Response(129, 1, IllegalAddress)
,client.read_coils(99, 1, slave=0) # 可正常读取 client.read_coils(100, 1, slave=0) # 报错
-
pymodbus.datastore.ModbusSparseDataBlock
用于创建稀疏数据块的类。该类允许创建包含不连续地址的数据块(可随机访问)。具体来说,可以在数据块中指定特定地址的数据,而无需为数据块的每个地址都分配内存。这种方式可以有效地节省内存空间,尤其是在处理大量数据时。
例如:
sparse = ModbusSparseDataBlock({10: [3, 5, 6, 8], 30: 1, 40: [0]*20})
创建一个拥有3个地址的数据块。
一个地址从0x10开始,长度为4(即包含4个地址),初始值分别为3,5,6,8,一个地址从0x30开始,长度为1,初始值为10,一个地址从0x40开始,长度为20,初始为0
sparse = ModbusSparseDataBlock([10]*100)
创建从地址0x00开始,长度为100,初始值为10的数据块
sparse = ModbusSparseDataBlock() # 创建空的数据块 sparse.setValues(0, [10]*10) # 添加从地址0x00开始,长度为10,值为10的数据块 sparse.setValues(30, [20]*5) # 添加从地址0x30开始,长度为5, 值为20的数据块 # 注意,除非执行类__init__初始化函数时,将 mutable 属性设置为True(默认值),否则无法使用 setValues 函数来添加新的数据块
-
pymodbus.datastore.ModbusSlaveContext
用于创建每种数据访问都存储在一个块中的一个modbus数据模型。该类可用来模拟 Modbus 从设备上下文。可以在这个上下文中添加多个不同类型的数据块,模拟一个完整的 Modbus 从设备。
例子:
ModbusSlaveContext( di=datablock(), # 输入离散量(Discrete Inputs) co=datablock(), # 输出线圈 (Coils) hr=datablock(), # 保持寄存器(Holding Register) ir=datablock(), # 输入寄存器(Input Register) )
-
pymodbus.datastore.ModbusServerContext
这表示从上下文的主集合,用于创建一个服务器上下文,并将从站上下文添加到服务器上下文中。
如果初始化时,属性
single
被设置为True
,它将被视为单个上下文(所有的从设备共享相同的 Modbus 地址空间,没有独立的地址范围),因此每个slave ID都返回相同的上下文。通过分析源码可知,当single
被设置为True
时,会创建一个从设备上下文,设备地址默认为 0,如果
single
设置为False
,它将被解释为从站上下文的集合从属上下文(每个从设备都有独立的 Modbus 地址空间,它们的地址范围是相互独立的) -
pymodbus.client.mixin.ModbusClientMixin
-
def read_coils(self, address: int, count: int = 1, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
读线圈(功能码
0x01
)address
要读取数据的起始地址count
可选参数,要读取的线圈数量(针对read_coils
,发现count设置大于1的数和设置为1是一样的效果)slave
可选参数,Modbus从机ID(实践发现,服务端构建服务器实例时,如果single
设置为True
时, 这里的slave只要不超出合法值范围,可以随便填,但是如果single
设置为False
,则必须填写正确的从机ID)kwargs
可选参数,实验性参数
异常抛出
ModbusException
,下同,不再赘述 -
def read_discrete_inputs(self, address: int, count: int = 1, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
读输入离散量(对应功能码
0x02
)参数说明参考
read_coils
-
def read_holding_registers(self, address: int, count: int = 1, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
读保持寄存器(对应功能码
0x03
)参数说明参考
read_coils
-
def read_input_registers(self, address: int, count: int = 1, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
读输入寄存器(对应功能码 0x04)
参数说明参考
read_coils
-
def write_coil(self, address: int, value: bool, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
写单个线圈(对应功能码
0x05
)address
要写入数据的起始地址value
要写入的布尔值slave
可选参数,Modbus从机IDkwargs
可选参数,实验性参数
-
def write_coils( self, address: int, values: list[bool] | bool, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
写多个线圈(对应功能码
0x0F
)address
要写入数据的起始地址values
要写入的布尔值列表、或者单个布尔值slave
可选参数,Modbus从机IDkwargs
可选参数,实验性参数
-
def write_register(self, address: int, value: int, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
写单个寄存器(功能码
0x06
)address
要写入数据的起始地址value
要写入的整数slave
可选参数,Modbus从机IDkwargs
可选参数,实验性参数
-
def write_registers( self, address: int, values: list[int] | int, slave: int = 0, **kwargs: Any)
写多个寄存器(功能码
0x10
)address
要写入数据的起始地址values
要写入的整数列表、或者单个整数slave
可选参数,Modbus从机IDkwargs
可选参数,实验性参数
-
为服务器设置初始化 payload实现
server_payload.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''Pymodbus服务器Payload示例。
此示例展示如何使用builder初始化具复杂的内存layout的服务器
'''
import asyncio
import logging
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger')
from pymodbus.constants import Endian
from pymodbus.datastore import (
ModbusSequentialDataBlock,
ModbusServerContext,
ModbusSlaveContext
)
from pymodbus.server import StartAsyncTcpServer
from pymodbus.payload import BinaryPayloadBuilder
async def run_async_server():
"""Run server."""
builder = BinaryPayloadBuilder(byteorder=Endian.LITTLE, wordorder=Endian.LITTLE)
builder.add_string("abcdefgh")
builder.add_bits([0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0])
builder.add_8bit_int(-0x12)
builder.add_8bit_uint(0x12)
builder.add_16bit_int(-0x5678)
builder.add_16bit_uint(0x1234)
builder.add_32bit_int(-0x1234)
builder.add_32bit_uint(0x12345678)
builder.add_16bit_float(12.34)
builder.add_16bit_float(-12.34)
builder.add_32bit_float(22.34)
builder.add_32bit_float(-22.34)
builder.add_64bit_int(-0xDEADBEEF)
builder.add_64bit_uint(0x12345678DEADBEEF)
builder.add_64bit_uint(0xDEADBEEFDEADBEED)
builder.add_64bit_float(123.45)
builder.add_64bit_float(-123.45)
datablock = ModbusSequentialDataBlock(1, builder.to_registers())
context = ModbusSlaveContext(
di=datablock, co=datablock, hr=datablock, ir=datablock # 注意,datablock不能加括号()
)
single = True
# 构建数据存储
context = ModbusServerContext(slaves=context, single=single)
txt = f'### start ASYNC server, listening on 5020 - tcp'
_logger.info(txt)
address = ('', 5020)
server = await StartAsyncTcpServer(
context=context, # 数据存储
# TBD host=
# TBD port=
address=address, # 监听地址
# custom_functions=[], # 允许自定义处理函数
framer='socket', # 使用的帧策略
# ignore_missing_slaves=True, # 忽略对缺失的slave的请求
# broadcast_enable=False, # 是否允许广播 将 slave id 0视为广播地址
# timeout=1 # 等待请求完成的时间 # waiting time for request to complete
)
return server
async def async_helper():
_logger.info("Starting server...")
await run_async_server()
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(async_helper(), debug=True)
带有更新任务的服务器代码实现
server_updating.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''带有更新任务的Pymodbus异步服务器示例。
异步服务器以及随服务器一起连续运行并更新值的任务示例
'''
import asyncio
import logging
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger')
from pymodbus.datastore import (
ModbusSequentialDataBlock,
ModbusServerContext,
ModbusSlaveContext
)
from pymodbus.server import StartAsyncTcpServer
async def updating_task(context):
'''更新服务器中的数据值
此任务伴随服务器持续运行,它将每两秒增加一些值
需要注意的是,getValues和setValues不是并发安全的
'''
# fc_as_hex = 3 # 功能码,例如3、0x03 表示读保持寄存器
fc_as_hex = 4
slave_id = 0x00 # 从节点ID
address = 0x00 # 数据读取起始地址
count = 6 # 需要获取的值的数量
values = context[slave_id].getValues(fc_as_hex, address, count=count)
# set values to zero
values = [0 for v in values]
context[slave_id].setValues(fc_as_hex, address, values)
txt = f'updating_task: started: initialised values: {values!s} at address {address!s}'
print(txt)
_logger.debug(txt)
# 循环递增
while True:
await asyncio.sleep(2)
values = context[slave_id].getValues(fc_as_hex, address, count=count)
values = [v + 1 for v in values]
context[slave_id].setValues(fc_as_hex, address, values)
txt = f'updating_task: incremented values: {values!s} at address {address!s}'
print(txt)
_logger.debug(txt)
async def run_async_server(context):
"""Run server."""
txt = f'### start ASYNC server, listening on 5020 - tcp'
_logger.info(txt)
address = ('', 5020)
server = await StartAsyncTcpServer(
context=context, # 数据存储
# TBD host=
# TBD port=
address=address, # 监听地址
# custom_functions=[], # 允许自定义处理函数
framer='socket', # 使用的帧策略
# ignore_missing_slaves=True, # 忽略对缺失的slave的请求
# broadcast_enable=False, # 是否允许广播 将 slave id 0视为广播地址
# timeout=1 # 等待请求完成的时间 # waiting time for request to complete
)
return server
async def async_helper():
datablock = lambda : ModbusSequentialDataBlock(0x01, [17] * 100) # pylint: disable=unnecessary-lambda-assignment
context = ModbusSlaveContext(
di=datablock(), co=datablock(), hr=datablock(), ir=datablock() # 注意,datablock不能加括号()
)
single = True
# 构建数据存储
context = ModbusServerContext(slaves=context, single=single)
task = asyncio.create_task(updating_task(context))
task.set_name("example updating task")
_logger.info("Starting server...")
await run_async_server(context)
task.cancel()
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(async_helper(), debug=True)
客户端访问验证
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import asyncio
import logging
import pymodbus.client as modbusClient
from pymodbus import ModbusException
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger')
async def run_async_client(modbus_calls=None):
"""Run sync client."""
_logger.info("### Create client object")
client = modbusClient.AsyncModbusTcpClient(
'127.0.0.1',
port=5020, # on which port
# Common optional parameters:
framer='socket', # 客户端访问服务器超时时间(该参数仅用于客户端(slave节点)),float型
timeout=10,
retries=3,
reconnect_delay=1,
reconnect_delay_max=10,
# retry_on_empty=False,
# TCP setup parameters
# source_address=("localhost", 0),
)
_logger.info("### Client starting")
await client.connect()
assert client.connected
if modbus_calls:
await modbus_calls(client)
client.close()
_logger.info("### End of Program")
async def run_a_few_calls(client):
try:
# 读保持寄存器
# rr = await client.read_holding_registers(0, 4)
# print(rr.registers)
# 读输入寄存器
rr = await client.read_input_registers(0, 7, slave=0)
print(rr.registers)
except ModbusException:
pass
async def main(cmdline=None):
"""Combine setup and run."""
await run_async_client(modbus_calls=run_a_few_calls)
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main(), debug=True)
class ModbusSlaveContext(ModbusBaseSlaveContext):
def getValues(self, fc_as_hex, address, count=1):
"""Get `count` values from datastore.
:param fc_as_hex: The function we are working with
:param address: The starting address
:param count: The number of values to retrieve
:returns: The requested values from a:a+c
"""
if not self.zero_mode:
address += 1
Log.debug("getValues: fc-[{}] address-{}: count-{}", fc_as_hex, address, count)
return self.store[self.decode(fc_as_hex)].getValues(address, count)
def setValues(self, fc_as_hex, address, values):
"""Set the datastore with the supplied values.
:param fc_as_hex: The function we are working with
:param address: The starting address
:param values: The new values to be set
"""
if not self.zero_mode:
address += 1
Log.debug("setValues[{}] address-{}: count-{}", fc_as_hex, address, len(values))
self.store[self.decode(fc_as_hex)].setValues(address, values)
同步服务器和异步客户端实现
同步服务器代码实现
server_sync.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''Pymodbus 同步服务器示例
'''
import logging
from pymodbus.datastore import (
ModbusSequentialDataBlock,
ModbusServerContext,
ModbusSlaveContext
)
from pymodbus.server import StartTcpServer
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger')
def run_sync_server():
# 连续的、无间隙顺序存储数据块(寄存器块)
datablock = lambda : ModbusSequentialDataBlock(0x01, [17] * 100)
context = ModbusSlaveContext(
di=datablock(), co=datablock(), hr=datablock(), ir=datablock()
)
single = True
# 构建数据存储
context = ModbusServerContext(slaves=context,
single=single
)
txt = f'### start SYNC server'
_logger.info(txt)
address = ('', 5020)
server = StartTcpServer(
context=context, # Data storage
# identity=identity, # server identify
# TBD host=
# TBD port=
address=address, # listen address
# custom_functions=[], # allow custom handling
framer='socket', # The framer strategy to use
# ignore_missing_slaves=True, # ignore request to a missing slave
# broadcast_enable=False, # treat slave_id 0 as broadcast address,
# timeout=1, # waiting time for request to complete
)
return server
def sync_helper():
server = run_sync_server()
server.shutdown()
if __name__ == "__main__":
sync_helper()
同步客户端代码实现
client_sync.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''Pymodbus同步客户端示例
'''
import logging
import pymodbus.client as modbusClient
from pymodbus import ModbusException
_logger = logging.getLogger('logger')
def run_sync_client(modbus_calls=None):
"""Run sync client."""
_logger.info("### Create client object")
client = modbusClient.ModbusTcpClient(
'127.0.0.1',
port=5020, # on which port
# Common optional parameters:
framer='socket', # 客户端访问服务器超时时间(该参数仅用于客户端(slave节点)),float型
timeout=10,
retries=3,
reconnect_delay=1,
reconnect_delay_max=10,
# retry_on_empty=False,
# TCP setup parameters
# source_address=("localhost", 0),
)
_logger.info("### Client starting")
client.connect()
assert client.connected
if modbus_calls:
modbus_calls(client)
client.close()
_logger.info("### End of Program")
def run_a_few_calls(client):
try:
# 读取线圈状态
rr = client.read_coils(0, 1, slave=1) # 从 0x00 地址开始读取1个线圈
print(rr.bits) # 输出:[True, False, False, False, False, False, False, False]
# assert len(rr.bits) == 8
except ModbusException:
pass
def main():
run_sync_client(modbus_calls=run_a_few_calls)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
参考链接
标签:
相关文章
最新发布
- 【Python】selenium安装+Microsoft Edge驱动器下载配置流程
- Python 中自动打开网页并点击[自动化脚本],Selenium
- Anaconda基础使用
- 【Python】成功解决 TypeError: ‘<‘ not supported between instances of ‘str’ and ‘int’
- manim边学边做--三维的点和线
- CPython是最常用的Python解释器之一,也是Python官方实现。它是用C语言编写的,旨在提供一个高效且易于使用的Python解释器。
- Anaconda安装配置Jupyter(2024最新版)
- Python中读取Excel最快的几种方法!
- Python某城市美食商家爬虫数据可视化分析和推荐查询系统毕业设计论文开题报告
- 如何使用 Python 批量检测和转换 JSONL 文件编码为 UTF-8
点击排行
- 版本匹配指南:Numpy版本和Python版本的对应关系
- 版本匹配指南:PyTorch版本、torchvision 版本和Python版本的对应关系
- Python 可视化 web 神器:streamlit、Gradio、dash、nicegui;低代码 Python Web 框架:PyWebIO
- 相关性分析——Pearson相关系数+热力图(附data和Python完整代码)
- Python与PyTorch的版本对应
- Anaconda版本和Python版本对应关系(持续更新...)
- Python pyinstaller打包exe最完整教程
- Could not build wheels for llama-cpp-python, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based proj